I
was fascinated by a debate recently about whether editing / rewriting was more
about adding or taking away. One of my MA students recently said that once he
had edited his text it would be slightly over the 12,000 words required and
that currently it was slightly under.Mark
Twain famously said that if he had had more time he would have written less. In
the debate I followed, some writers were saying that their edited drafts were longer
than their originals. Others said the opposite. So I started watching myself very
carefully. I was already convinced I did both.
What tends
to make drafts longer
It’s
usually where I’ve been telling instead of showing. Of course, sometimes it’s
okay to tell and an experienced writer has a sense of how to get the balance
between the two right. We take short cuts in the 21st century anyway
as we don’t need as much detailed description. Say “New York” and even people
who have never been there get an image. But the scenes I need to extend are
usually the ones where I’ve been lazy. I need to show my reader that my
character is uncomfortable by the way he acts and / or thinks. I need to create
a film in my reader’s head similar to the one I have in my own.
Sometimes
a whole scene is missing. It’s almost as if I’ve forgotten to spell something out
to the reader. We are hampered by our intimate knowledge of our characters and stories.
An extra scene can sometimes help to ground the reader more.
Sometimes
I want to avoid using the word “said” too much. I certainly don’t want to
substitute it with another word other than maybe “whispered” or “shouted” and I
may have those there already. Yet the speech needs assigning. At that point it’s
useful to have the character who speaks perform a relevant action:
“I’ve no idea.” Barney frowned and looked away.
What tends to make drafts shorter
Sometimes
I discover that it’s just not necessary to say something. I do like to have my
young adult characters say one thing and think another. But sometimes it’s
obvious that that’s what a character thinks from a previous action.
I
tend to use “seemed to”, “was ….ing” and “suddenly” too often. A more direct
language is often more effective. “Suddenly he seemed to be sitting on the sofa,”
is stronger as “He sat down on the sofa.”
Sometimes
a whole scene is not needed at all. This happens especially near the beginning
of a novel or a story. So often those opening paragraphs / chapters are there
simply to help the writer into the story.
We’re
all guilty from time to time of expanded sentences: “It was a great
disappointment to him that the museum was closed on Wednesday afternoons.” Why
not just “He was disappointed that the museum was closed on Wednesday
afternoon.”?
All
of these, though, stay if they’re part of the character’s voice. It tends to be
fine in conversation anyway.
My second and subsequent drafts d tend to come out a little
longer than the first ones, despite there being more examples of reasons to
extract text than to add it. I guess those scenes that need to be shown rather
than told account for that. In fact, though, I take away almost as much as I
add. I reshape a fair bit too.
It is a little like clay-modelling. The first draft gets out
the basic shape. Then you add a little clay here, take a little away there and
reshape as you go. You know about what needs to be done with your text the same
way as you know what needs to be done with the clay. In the end it is intuitive
rather than rule-bound.
I was really delighted to receive my copy of this book the other
week. I have one chapter in it: Finding a suitable narrative voice when writing
for children. I’ve written on this theme before and I use the type of exercise
I’ve outlined here quite often in my own classes. I even use it myself as I
start each new children’s book.
But I don’t really want to talk about just my own chapter
here. I’d like to say it’s an excellent reference book for a creative writing
teacher or a writer. There are fifty chapters, so that means forty-nine
creative writing exercises I’ve not used before. This is extremely useful as my
students inform me that what they most like about their classes are the opportunities
they have to complete creative writing exercises. It’s my own experience too
that I’ll often get a completely new idea by doing one of these exercises.
There are chapters also by several colleagues I know well: Elaine
Walker (editor), Steve May (the paperless workshop), Philip Gross
(collaborative poetry game), Vanessa Harbour (voice in young adult literature)
and Craig Batty (describing feeling). There are several people I do not yet
know and I’m look forward to reading about writing animals (Sandra Burr), yoga
on the page (Beverly Frydman) and leaving the comfort zone Nicholas Y.B. Wong.
The book is also extremely attractive and very tactile.
I’m currently working on something that to some extent was
inspired by the master students at the University of Salford where I lecture in
creative writing. They conduct some very bold experiments. I thought it was
about time I did, too. The subtitle to our MA is innovation and experiment. I’m a fan of the OULIPO poets and I think what I’m doing would be approved
by this group – though I am working within prose fiction rather than poetry.
I don’t want to give all of the details at this stage but I will
say there’s a lot of counting involved. I am one of those writers who plots
loosely to start with, but keeps the two-line synopsis as the backbone of the story
all the time. This time, however, I have only a very vague idea of the story
line – in fact probably just that two–line synopsis and no more. But I do know precisely
where the main turning points are going to come.
I’m finding that I’m building my characters up as I go
along. Normally, I have a very good idea of exactly who they are before I
start. They are no less rounded this time. They feel more real to me because I
am getting to know them the same way I would if they were human. They are emerging
before me, rather than being created by me.
This experiment relies very much on word count. Sections are
gradually getting longer. So, I’m writing what feels right, editing three times
then making sure the word count is spot on. There can be no further editing part
from a proof read and changing the odd word or two here and there – one verb or
adjective for another, perhaps. I’m certainly writing more slowly than normal
BUT editing is going to be a lot quicker. Maybe a read out loud and a copy-edit
for spelling. There’ll essentially only be one draft.
I’m not sure how commercial this novel is going to be or whether
it will actually work at all. But it will be interesting to look at and it may pose
many questions. It could open up a whole new area of research. I’ll post more
on this when it’s finished. I’ve completed 11,000 words out of a possible
75,000.